4 Rumus Past Tense Bahasa Inggris - Fungsi - Contoh

Mempelajari Tenses Bahasa Inggris adalah hal dasar yang harus benar-benar dikuasai agar lancar Bahasa Inggris. Pada dasarnya, terdapat tiga pembagia tenses dalam Bahasa Inggris yaitu Present Tense, past tense, dan future tense. Ketiga pembagian tense tersebut sangat penting dalam Grammar Bahasa Inggris. Maka dari itu, dalam artikel ini akan dibahas seputar pengertian, penggunaan, rumus dan contoh past tense secara lengkap.

1. Simple Past Tense

Past tense merupakan kata kerja yang berfungsi untuk menunjukkan suatu pekerjaan atau tindakan yang telah berlalu atau yang terjadi di masa lampau. Karena itu, kalimat Past harus diikuti dengan keterangan kata lampau. Bisa yang telah terjadi kemarin, setahun yang lalu, sebulan yang lalu, dll.

Rumus Past Tense
Positif (+)	S + V2 + O/C
Negatif (- )	S + Did + Not + V1 + O/C
Introgative (?)	Did + S + V2 + O/C + ?

Keterangan: S = subject, V = verb, O/C = object/complement

Contoh Past Tense	Meaning
(+) He swam in the sea yesterday	(+) Dia berenang di laut kemarin
(- ) He did not swim in the sea yesterday	(-) Dia tidak berenang di laut kemarin
(?) Did he swim in the sea yesterday?	(?) Apakah dia berenang di laut kemarin?

Past Tense digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang udah terjadi pada waktu sebelum sekarang. Suatu aksi yang terjadi pada masa lalu yang dalam struktur kalimatnya selali menggunakan verb 2 dan kata bantu lampau.

Rumus Past Tense	Meaning
Luana Martri sailed to PekanBaru last month.	Luana Martri berlayar ke pekanbaru bulan lalu
My teacher died last year.	guru ku mati tahun lalu
He lived in Bandung since 2005.	dia tinggal di bandung sejak 2005
We crossed the river crossing yesterday.	kamu menyebrang sungai kemarin

Past Tense sebagai Ekspresi Masa Lalu” state=”closed

Kamu harus menggunakan past tense ketika kamu membicarakan sesuatu yang telah terjadi. Jadi, past tense di asosiasikan sebagai ekspresi masa lalu.

Frequency: often, sometimes, always	Meaning
I sometimes walked to office at lunchtime.	aku terkadang berjalan ke kantor pada makan siang
I often brought my dinner to church.	aku terkadang membawa makan malam ku ke gereja

Keterangan Adveb Lampau

Waktu yang pasti di masa lalu: last week, yesterday, last night, last summer, dan lain sebagainnya.

example	arti
We saw a bad movie last week.	Luana Martri berlayar ke pekanbaru bulan lalu
*Yesterday, I departed* to Kalimantan.	guru ku mati tahun lalu
She finished her chores last morning	dia tinggal di bandung sejak 2005
I went to the discotheque *last night*	kamu menyebrang sungai kemarin

Baca Juga:

Rumus Paste Tense untuk Regular Verb

Past Tense dalam Bentuk Positive” state=”closed

Past Tense dalam Bentuk Positive (+)

Subject	+ verb + ed
I	skipped

Contoh dalam Bentuk Positive (+)

Past Tense Example	Meaning
I was in Jakarta last year	aku lagi di jakarta tahun lalu
She had a stomachache yesterday.	dia lagi sakit perut kemarin
We did our chores last night.	kami telah nyelesain tugas kamu tadi malam

Past Tense dalam Bentuk Negative

Rumus Past Tense dalam Bentuk Negative

Subject	+ did not	+ infinitive without to
They	didn’t	go.

Contoh Past Tense dalam Bentuk Negative (-)

Past Tense Examples	Meaning
We didn’t do our task this morning.	kami tidak melakukan tugas kami pagi ini.
We didn’t have time to visit the Monas	kami tidak punya cukup waktu untuk mengunjungi monas
We didn’t have any food	kami tidak punya makanan

Past Tense dalam Bentuk Interrogative

Rumus Past Tense dalam Bentuk Interrogative

Did	+ subject	+ infinitive without to
Did	she	arrive?

Contoh Past Tense dalam Bentuk Interrogative

Past Tense Examples	Meaning
We didn’t do our task this morning.	kami tidak melakukan tugas kami pagi ini.
We didn’t have time to visit the Monas	kami tidak punya cukup waktu untuk mengunjungi monas
We didn’t have any food	kami tidak punya makanan

Rumus Interrogative Negative

Rumus Interrogative Negative

Did not	+ subject	+ infinitive without to
Didn’t	you	play?

Contoh Interrogative Negative

Past Tense Examples	Meaning
Didn’t you do our task this morning?	Sudahkah kamu mengerjakan tugas kami pagi ini?
Didn’t we have time to visit the Monas?	Tidak kita punya cukup waktu untuk mengunjungi monas?
Didn’t we have any food?	Tidakkah kita punya makanan?

Contoh Past Tense -To Walk

Contoh dan Penggunaan Past Tense dalam verb To Walk

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I walked	I didn’t walk	Did I walk?
You walked	You didn’t walk	Did you walk?
He walked	He didn’t walk	Did he walk?
We walked	We didn’t walk	Did we walk?
They walked	They didn’t walk	Did they walk?

Contoh Past Tense -T0 Be, To Have, To Do

Contoh dan Penggunaan Simple Past Tense To Be, To Have, To Do

Subject	Negative	Interrogative
	Be	Have	did
I	was	had	Do
You	were	had	did
He/She/It	was	had	did
We	were	had	did
You	were	had	did
They	were	had	did

Baca Juga:

Irregular Verb dalam Past Tense

Ada beberapa verb yang irregular dalam past tense. Berikut beberapa contohnya.

example	arti
He went to a pub last night.	dia pergi ke pub malam tadi
Did he go to the mall last night?	apakah dia pergi ke mall mala tadi?
He didn’t go to bed early last night.	dia tidak pergi tidur cepat tadi malam

Past Tense To Have” state=”closed

Contoh dan Penggunaan Simple Past Tense To Have

example	arti
Did Martri give you my car key?	apakah martri memberikanmu kunci mobilku?
They didn’t give Luana their new address.	mereka tidak memberikan luana alamat baru nya
We gave her a car for her birthday.	kami memberikan mobil untuk ultah nya

Past Tense To Come

Contoh dan Penggunaan Simple Past Tense To Come

example	arti
Did he come to your inauguration last week?	apa dia datang ke inaugurasi mu minggu lali
We didn’t come because it was snowing.	kamu tidak datang karena lagi bersalju
My parents came to visit me last year	ortu kami mengunjungiku tahun lalu

Baca Juga:

2. Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense merupakan kata kerja yang berfungsi untuk menyatakan suatu pekerjaan atau tindakan yang sedang berlangsung di masa lalu atau lampau. Biasanya kalimat past continuous disandingkan dengan kalimat past tense.

Rumus Past Continuous Tense
Positif (+)	S + To be (was/were) + V-ing + O/C
Negatif (- )	S + To be (was/were) + Not + V-ing + O/C
Introgative (?)	To be (was/were) + S + V-ing + O/C + ?

Keterangan: S = subject, V = verb, O/C = object/complement

Contoh Past Continuous Tense	Meaning
(+) They were playing badminton yesterday	(+) Mereka sedang bermain badminton kemarin
(- ) They were not playingbadminton yesterday	(-) Mereka sedang tidak bermain badminton kemarin
(?) Were they playing badminton yesterday?	(?) Apakah mereka sedang bermain badminton kemarin

Past continous menjelaskan aksi atau kejadian yang terjadi sebelum sekarang, yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlangsung pada saat pembicaraan. Dengan kata lain tense ini mengekspresikan aksi yang belum selesai atau belum lengkap di masa lalu.

Past Continous Tense untuk Menceritakan Kejadian” state=”closed

Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan latar belakang suatu cerita yang di tulis dalam past tense.

Contoh:

“The moon was shining and the eagles were singing as the tiger came out of the jungle. The other animals were relaxing in the shade of the valley, but the tiger moved very quickly. She was looking for her partner, and she didn’t notice the hunter who was watching her through his deep eyes. When the shot rang out, she was running towards the sea…” (bulan lagi bersinar dan elang lagi bernyanyi ketika macan keluar dari hutan. Hewan lain lagi bersantai di bawah bayangan lembah, tapi si macan bergerak cepat karena lagi mencari partner nya tapi si macan tidak memerhatik si pemburu yang lagi mengamati nya dan ketika tembakan berbunyi si macam berlari ke laut. )

Digunakan untuk Menjelaskan Dua Kejadian

Untuk menjelaskan aksi yang belum selesai yang diinterupsi oleh aksi atau kejadian yang lain.

contoh:

“I was having a dream when the phone rang.” (aku sedang bermimpi ketika ponselku berbunyi)

Untuk Mengekspresikan Perubahan Pikiran

Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk mengekspresikan perubahan pikiran.

Contoh:

“I was going to spend the day at the restaurant but I’ve decided to get my chores done instead.” (aku berencana untuk menghabiskan waktu di restoran tapi berpikir untuk menyelesaikan tugas ku dulu)

Past Continuous Tense dengan Verb Wonder

Dengan verb ‘wonder’, past perfect tense digunakan untuk membuat permintaan yang sopan.

Contoh:

“I was wondering if you could tuck me in for tonight.” (aku lagi berpikir apakah kamu bisa menidurkanku malam ini)

example	arti
They were waiting for the ride when the incident happened.	mereka lagi menunggu tumpangan ketika incident terjadi
Luana was skating when she broke both her leg.	Luana lagi skating ketika dia mematahkan kedua kaki nya
When we arrived he was having a pedicure	ketika kamu tiba dia lagi melakukan pedicure
When the fire started I was watching the president’s speech.	ketika terjadi kebakaran aku lagi melihat pidato president

Verb To Have

Past Continuous Tense dengan verb To Have

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I was playing	I was not playing	Was I playing?
You were playing	You were not playing	Were you playing?
He was playing	He wasn’t playing	Was he playing?
We were playing	We weren’t playing	Were we playing?
They were playing	They weren’t playing	Were they playing?

Baca Juga:

3. Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense merupakan kata kerja yang berfungsi untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan atau tindakan yang telah selesai dilakukan pada masa lalu atau lampau.biasanya kalimat past perfect tense disandingkan dengan kalimat past tense atau dengan kalimat past future perfect tense dalam formula Conditional Type 3.

Rumus Past Perfect Tense
Positif (+)	S + Have/Has + V3 + O/C
Negatif (- )	S + Have/Has + Not + V3 + O/C
Introgative (?)	Have/Has + S + V3 + O/C + ?

Keterangan: S = subject, V = verb, O/C = object/complement

Contoh

Contoh Perfect Tense	Meaning
(+) You had come to my ceremony last night	(+) Kamu telah datang ke acaraku semalam
(- ) You had not come to ceremony last night	(-) Kamu telah tidak datang ke acaraku semalam
(?) Had you come to my ceremony last night?	(?) Datangkah kamu ke acaraku semalam?

Past perfect mengarah ke waktu yang lebih awal dari sekarang. Hal ini digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu kejadian terjadi sebelum kejadian lainnya di masa lalu. Tidak begitu diperlukan kejadian mana yang disebutkan di awal, penggunaan tense akan menjelaskan yang mana terjadi di awal.

Dalam contoh di bawah ini. Event A adalah yang terjadi di awal dan event B yang terjadi setelah nya :

Event A	Event B
John had gone out	when I arrived in the office.
I had saved my document	before the computer crashed.
When they arrived	we had already started cooking.
He was very tired	because he hadn’t slept well.

To Decide” state=”closed

TO DECIDE, PAST PERFECT

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I had decided	I hadn’t decided	Had I decided?
You had decided	You hadn’t decided	Had you decided?
She had decided	She hadn’t decided	Had she decided?
We had decided	We hadn’t decided	Had we decided?
They had decided	They hadn’t decided	Had they decided?

Past Perfect and Adverb Just

Past Perfect + Just – ‘Just’ digunakan dalam past perfect untuk mengarah ke suatu event yang terjadi baru saja.

Contoh	arti
The train had just left when I arrived at the arrival hall	kereta api nya baru saja tiba di ruang keberangkatan
She had just left the room when the kids arrived.	dia baru saja tinggalin kamar ketika anak-anak tiba
I had just put the washing out when it started to downpour	aku baru saja menaruh cucian di luar ketika mulai hujan lebat

Baca Juga:

4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense merupakan kata kerja yang berfungsi untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian atau tindakan yang telah dilakukan namun masih atau sedang dikerjakan pada masa lalu atau lampau.

Rumus Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Positif (+)	S + Had + Been + V-ing + O/C
Negatif (- )	S + Had+ Not + Been + V-ing + O/C
Introgative (?)	Had + S + Been + V-ing + O/C + ?

Keterangan: S = subject, V = verb, O/C = object/complement

Contoh Past Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) He had been writing a resignation letter
(-) He had not been writing a resignation letter
(?) Had He been writing a resignation letter?

Past perfect continues berhubungan dengan present perfect continous tapi dengan referensi waktu yang lebih awal. Penggunaan tense karena kita lebih tertarik pada prosesnya.

Contoh 1″ state=”closed

example	arti
Had you been waiting long before the bus departed?	apa kamu udah menunggu lama sebelum bus nya pergi?
We had been trying to open the door when Luana found her key.	kami berusaha membuka pintu ketika Luana nemuin kunci
It had been raining hard for several hours and the streets were inundated	lagi hujan deras beberapa jam sehingga jalanan banjir
Her friends had been thinking of calling for help when she barged in.	temannya lagi berpikir untuk memanggil dia memaksa masuk

Contoh 2

TO BUY, PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I had been buying	I hadn’t been buying	Had I been buying
You had been buying	You hadn’t been buying	Had you been buying
She had been buying	She hadn’t been buying	Had she been buying
We had been buying	We hadn’t been buying	Had we been buying
They had been buying	They hadn’t been buying	Had they been buying

Past tense mempunyai 4 tipe (simple past tense, past perfect tense, past continous tense, past perfect continous tense) yang semua nya berhubungan dengan kejadian di masa lalu beserta seberapa awal kejadian tersebut terjadi. Hal ini diperlukan untuk memperjelas kejadian di masa lalu. Lalu, begitulah pembahasan tentang penggunaan past tense yang meliputi rumus, fungsi dan contoh past tense.

Baca Juga:

Baca Juga Materi Belajar Bahasa Inggris Lainnya” state=”closed

example	arti
People lived in tree a long time ago.	manusia tinggal di pohon di masa lalu
She played the piano when she was a baby.	dia bermain piano ketika masih bayi