Pronouns adalah kata ganti untuk Noun, atau dalam Bahasa Indonesia adalah kata ganti orang. Pronouns tidak hanya digunakan untuk menggantikan manusia atau hewan, namun semua yang masuk dalam kategori nouns. Pronoun terbagi dalam beberapa jenis, yaitu:
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1. Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns adalah pronouns yang digunakan untuk menunjukan kata ganti orang. Kata ganti orang ini dibagi-bagi berdasarkan gender (he, she) dan jumlah (We, I). Baik itu untuk kata ganti orang pertama, kedua, maupun ketiga. Perbedaan dari ketiganya adalah sebagai berikut:
[table]
[tr][th]Contoh Personal Pronouns[/th][/tr]
[tr][td]First Person: Kata ganti orang pertama.
Menunjukan sudut pandang dari orang yang sedang berbicara. Contoh: I (saya)[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Second Person: Kata ganti orang kedua.
Menunjukan sudut pandang dari orang yang menjadi lawan bicara.
Contoh: You[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Third Person: Kata ganti orang ketiga.
Menunjukan sudut pandang dari orang yang sedang dibicarakan.
Contoh: he, she[/td][/tr]
[/table]
2. Reflexive Pronouns
Pronouns yang kemudian diikuti oleh nouns, adverb, maupun adjective yang berada dalam satu klausa. Pronouns ini biasanya diakhiri dengan -self, namun bukan ditaruh di ujung kalimat melainkan harus diikuti dengan nouns, adverb, atau adjective, tergantung pada kalimat yang akan dibuat.
Contoh Reflexive Pronouns: Myself, Himself
3. Reciprocal Pronouns
reciprocal pronouns menunjukan bahwa ada dua subyek atau pronouns yang melakukan kegiatan pada satu sama lain. Biasanya, reciprocal pronouns akan diikuti oleh each other atau one another meski tidak selalu.
4. Interrogative Pronouns
Possessive pronouns menunjukan dan menyatakan kepunyaan.
Contoh Interrogative Pronouns: My, Mine
5. Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative Pronouns menggunakan hitungan jumlah dan jarak. Yang termudah contoh pronouns ini adalah this dan that beserta varian lainnya.
6. Interrogative Pronouns
Cara mengingat interrogrative pronouns ini adalah biasanya ditunjukan dengan penggunaan wh- pada awal kata yang digunakannya.
Contoh Interrogative Pronouns: what, which, who
7. Indefinite Pronouns
Indifinite pronouns digunakan untuk menunjukan sesuatu yang abstrak dan tidak menunjuk pada suatu benda, atau obyek tertentu.
Contoh Indefinite Pronouns: everyone, anything.
Baca Juga:
- List of Adjectives
- List of Nouns
- Adverb
- Rumus Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- Rumus Simple Past Tense
- Rumus Present Perfect Tense
| Vocabularies | Definition | |
| All | quantifier; used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class; |
Semua |
| Another | any of various alternatives; some other | Lain |
| any | one or some or every or all without specification | setiap |
| anybody | any person, all, person | siapa pun |
| anyone | any person at all; anybody | siapa pun |
| anything | a thing of any kind | apa pun |
| both | used with count nouns) two considered together; the two | kedua |
| each | used of count nouns) every one considered individually | masing-masing |
| either | after a negative statement used as an intensive meaning something like `likewise’ or `also’ |
baik |
| everybody | every person | Semua orang |
| everyone | every person | Semua orang |
| everything | every single thing or every particular of an aggregate or total |
everything |
| Few | a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by `a’; a small but indefinite numbe |
Beberapa |
| He | the male person or animal being discussed or last mentioned; that male. |
Dia (Laki-laki) |
| Her | the objective or possesive case of she | Dia (P) (Obyek atau kepunyaan) |
| Hers | a form of the possessive case of she used as a predicate adjective | Milik dia (P) |
| Herself | an emphatic appositive of her or she | Dia sendiri |
| Him | the objective case of he, used as a direct or indirect object | Dia (Laki-laki) (obyek |
| Himself | an emphatic appositive of him or he | Dia (L) sendiri |
| His | the possessive form of he | Punya dia (L) |
| I | the nominative singular pronoun, used by a speaker in referring to himself or herself |
Saya |
| It | used to represent an inanimate thing understood, previously mentioned, about to be mentioned, or present in the immediate context |
Dia (Netral) |
| Its | the possessive form of it | Dia (N) (Kepunyaan) |
| Itself | a reflexive form of it | Dia (N) Sendiri |
| Many | a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by `as’ or `too’ or `so’ or `that |
Banyak |
| Me | the objective case of I, used as a direct or indirect object | Saya (obyek) |
| Mine | a form of the possessive case of I used as a predicate adjective |
Milik saya |
| More | a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree |
Lebih |
| Most | a quantifier meaning the greatest in amount or extent or degree |
Sebagian besar |
| My | (a form of the possessive case of I used as an attributive adjective |
Saya (kepunyaan) |
| Myself | used as an intensive of me or I | Saya sendiri |
| Neither | not either, as of persons or things specified | Tidak yang manapun |
| Nobody | a person of no influence | Bukan siapapun |
| None | not any | Tidak ada |
| Nothing | in no way; to no degre | Tidak ada |
| Our | a form of the possessive case of we used as an attributive adjective | Kita (Kepunyaan) |
| Ours | a form of the possessive case of we used as a predicate adjective | Milik kita |
| Ourselves | an emphatic appositive of we | Kita sendiri |
| Several | distinct and individual | Beberapa |
| She | the female person or animal being discussed or last mentioned; that female |
Dia (perempuan) |
| Some | relatively many but unspecified in number | Beberapa |
| Somebody | a human being | Seseorang |
| Someone | a human being | Seseorang |
| Something | a thing of some kind | Sesuatu |
| That | used to indicate a person, thing, idea, state, event, time, remark, etc., |
Bahwa |
| Their | a form of the possessive case of they used as an attributive adjective |
Mereka (kepunyaan) |
| Theirs | a form of the possessive case of they used as a predicate adjective, after a noun or without a noun |
Milik mereka |
| Them | the objective case of they, used as a direct or indirect object | Mereka (0byek) |
| They | nominative plural of he, she, and it | Mereka |
| Us | the objective case of we, used as a direct or indirect object | Kita (Obyek) |
| We | nominative plural of I | Kita |
| Whatever | one or some or every or all without specification | Apa pun |
| Which | what one? | Yang mana |
| Whichever | any one that | Yang manapun |
| Who | what person or persons | Siapa |
| Whoever | whatever person; anyone that | Barangsiapa |
| Whom | the objective case of who | Siapa (untuk onyek) |
| Whomever | the objective case of whoever | Siapapun (untuk obyek) |
| Whose | the possessive case of who used as an adjective | Siapapun (untuk kepunyaan) |
| You | the pronoun of the second person singular or plural, used of the person or persons being addressed, in the nominative or objective case |
Kamu |
| Your | a form of the possessive case of you used as an attributiveadjective | Kamu (kepunyaan) |
| Yours | a form of the possessive case of you used as a predicate adjective | Milik kamu |
| Yourself | a reflexive form of you | Kamu sendiri |
Contoh Penggunaan Adverbs Dalam Kalimat
- You should do all of your homework by yourself and don’t expect help form anyone.
- Whoever find my ring, I will give him or her some money.
- He helps so little, but ask for so much.
- Whichever path she chooses, she’ll have to be responsible to it.
- Nobody knows where are they.
Sekian pembahasan mengenai kata ganti dalam Bahasa Inggris (pronouns) semoga berguna untuk menambah perbendaharaan kalian, yah!
Materi Bahasa Inggris Lainnya: